The Greek Shepherd, the dog that has been bred for centuries to guard livestock in the mountainous regions of the country, is now in danger of extinction, experts are warning.
The decline of livestock farming, along with an increase in uncontrolled interbreeding with other dogs, has altered the Greek Shepherd’s distinctive characteristics. It has been estimated that currently, fewer than 3,000 pure Greek Shepherd dogs, also known as the Greek Sheepdog or Ellinikos Poimenikos, remain in Greece.
It has been a vital part of Greece’s pastoral culture, especially in regions like Epirus, Thessaly, and Crete, where livestock farming is prominent.
They are considered brave, decisive, and loyal working dogs with a highly developed sense of duty and a strong protective instinct toward herd animals and their territory. These independent dogs, however, need consistent training and intelligent guidance.
Despite their strong and fearless nature, they are deeply loyal and form strong bonds with their owners and families. They are naturally wary of strangers, which is part of their guarding role, but they are not aggressive without reason. They can adapt to family life but require space, training, and socialization to channel their guarding instincts appropriately.
The Greek Shepherd is a medium to large size dog, with a solid body and great physical strength, capable of not only guiding the herd but also fighting with an enemy while maintaining its physical superiority. Its head is massive, featuring a large muzzle.
It is able to face the attacks of large carnivores such as the bear and the wolf.
They have a dense double coat, often medium to long, which protects from the elements. Their coat colors can vary, including white, black, gray, or combinations of these.
In an attempt to rescue the breed, the “Arcturos” animal sanctuary, located in northern Greece, has been implementing its Greek Shepherd Dog Breeding Program since 1998.
“The Greek Shepherd Dog is one of the oldest breeds and should survive. It is a shame that all European countries have managed to recognize their breeds, and we in Greece have not,” said Panos Stefanou recently, communications officer for Arcturos.
Stefanou noted that there is a lack of a sufficient number of purebred dogs which would enable experts to even create a registry.
In addition to Arcturos, an organization called Friends of the Greek Shepherd (http://www.ofep.gr) is also trying to help the breed recover and continue to serve as the iconic Greek dog.
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